Hari ini, sesi pertama saya memulakan rawatan pergigian kepada kanak-kanak. Alhamdulillah, kanak-kanak yang menjadi patient saya adalah seorang yang sangat cooperative. Senanglah untuk saya melaksanakan segala tugasan yang perlu dilakukan.
Merawat gigi orang dewasa dan kanak-kanak adalah hampir sama. Cuma semasa pemeriksaan gigi kanak-kanak, kita perlu lebih peka dengan anatomi gigi yang ada, kerana gigi kanak-kanak (yang berumur 6 tahun ke atas) lazimnya sudah bercampur antara gigi susu dan gigi kekal.
Di sini ilmu anatomi pergigian perlulah diaplikasikan. Masa gigi tumbuh juga mestilah diingati satu persatu.
Di sini saya sertakan ilustrasi kronologi pertumbuhan gigi susu dan kekal. Mungkin boleh menjadi rujukan kepada ibu-ibu di luar sana yang peka kepada pertumbuhan fizikal anak-anak mereka.
Mixed dentition (Gigi susu+gigi kekal)
Masa tumbuh gigi susu (primary) dan gigi kekal (permanent)
Aturan untuk mudah mengingati (khasnya untuk pelajar pergigian):
- 6 weeks old in utero: beginning of dental development
- 6 months old: emergence of the first primary tooth
- 6 years old: emergence of first permanent tooth
The rules of “Fours” for permanent tooth development (3rd molars not included)
- At birth, four 1st molars have initiated calcification
- At 4 years of age, all crowns have initiated calcification
- At 8 years, all crowns are completed
- At 12 years, all crowns emerge
- At 16 years, all roots are complete
The six/four rule for primary tooth emergence
Four teeth emerge for each 6 months of age
1. 6 months: 4 teeth (lower centrals & upper centrals)
2. 12 months: 8 teeth (1. + upper laterals & lower laterals)
3. 18 months: 12 teeth (2. + upper 1st molars & loer 1st molars)
4. 24 months: 16 teeth (3. + upper canines & lower canines)
5. 30 months: 20 teeth (4. + lower 2nd molars & upper 2nd molars)
Summary
- By 5 months in utero, all crowns started calcification
- By 1 year old, all crowns completed formation
- By 2.5 years, all primary teeth erupted
- By 4 years old, all primary teeth completed root formation
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